Besancon is a medium sized town in the centre of Franche Comté. Besancon is built inside a loop formed by the river Doubs. There is a hill on the small piece of land at the neck of the loop and this has been fortified by the Citadelle which was designed for Louis XIV by Vauban late in the 17th century. In the 16th century Besancon was a town in the Holy Roman Germanic Empire and protected by Charles V. At the time of Louis XIV Besancon became part of France and the Citadelle was intended to protect it.
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